Texas Condo Board Roles & Responsibilities
What each board position actually does, how many people you need, and how to keep a volunteer board functioning as members rotate out year after year — including where board composition is actually set by state law versus your own bylaws.
Texas at a Glance
Most HOA boards have three to five members, elected by the membership for terms set in the bylaws — often one to two years, frequently staggered so the entire board doesn't turn over at once. Your specific bylaws define much of the exact structure, but in some states, part of that structure — minimum board size, owner-eligibility, or officer requirements — is actually set by statute, not left to the association to decide.
⚠ Common mistake: Assuming your bylaws alone decide how big the board is. In Texas, the minimum board size is set by a law written specifically for condominium associations.
Dillo ExplainsPsst… here's what this actually means…
If your condo's declaration was recorded on or after January 1, 1994, Texas's Uniform Condominium Act sets your board rules. Older condos follow their bylaws unless the owners vote to adopt the newer act.
President
Runs board meetings, is usually the primary point of contact with homeowners and outside parties (attorneys, vendors, the county), and typically has authority to sign on the association's behalf for routine matters. The president does not unilaterally make board decisions — actions still require a board vote — but does set the agenda and keep meetings moving.
Secretary
Keeps official records: meeting minutes, the membership roll, and official correspondence. In a self-managed HOA, the secretary is often the person who ends up being the institutional memory of the association — the one who can answer "wait, when did we actually vote on that?" This role matters more than it sounds like it should, because undocumented decisions are one of the most common sources of later disputes.
Treasurer
Handles dues collection, financial reporting, and the annual budget process. Many associations require some form of annual budget, and increasingly a reserve study projecting future major expenses. The treasurer role is also the one most commonly outsourced even in an otherwise self-managed association — hiring an accountant or bookkeeper for the mechanics while the treasurer sets policy and reviews the numbers is common and often worth the cost.
Texas — Officer RequirementsHOA/condo statute
For condominiums under Chapter 82: the board must elect the officers within 30 days after the developer's control ends, and the bylaws must provide for the board to elect a president, treasurer, secretary, and any other officers the bylaws specify.
Minimum board size and who can serve
Whether your association has a statutory floor on board size, and whether some or all of the directors must be owners, depends on your state. Where a rule exists, it usually comes from one of two places: a law written specifically for homeowners or condominium associations, or general nonprofit corporation law, which applies only because the association is incorporated as a nonprofit. The badge on each rule below shows which one applies in Texas.
Texas — Minimum Board SizeHOA/condo statute
For condominiums under Chapter 82: once the developer's control ends, the owners must elect a board of at least 3 members.
Texas — Owner/Member RequirementHOA/condo statute
For condominiums under Chapter 82: board members do not have to be unit owners.
Texas — Other Eligibility Rules
The bylaws must set board members' and officers' qualifications. For condominiums under Chapter 82, the board may not set its own members' qualifications or terms of office.
Here's the ArmadealioHere's the short version…
Texas doesn't require condo board members to be owners. Your bylaws set the qualifications, and the board can't change them on its own.
Term limits
Some states cap how long a single director term can run. A cap on one term is different from a limit on how many terms in a row someone can serve: a term cap alone doesn't stop a director from being re-elected. That takes a separate consecutive-term limit. Check both rows in the reference below for Texas.
Texas — Term LimitsBylaws/documents
No statutory maximum. The bylaws must set board members' terms.
Conflict-of-interest disclosure
If a board member stands to personally benefit from a contract or decision the board is voting on, several states require a specific disclosure process before that vote can happen — not just a general "act in good faith" expectation. Some states wrote this rule directly into their HOA or condominium statute; others expressly import the state's general nonprofit corporation conflict-of-interest rules instead of creating a separate one.
Texas — Conflict-of-Interest RuleHOA/condo statute
For condominiums under Chapter 82, each officer and board member is liable as a fiduciary of the unit owners and may be personally liable for damages if they breach a fiduciary duty, receive an improper benefit, or act in bad faith. If the association is a nonprofit corporation, a transaction in which a director has an interest can be approved after disclosure by a majority of the disinterested directors.
Dillo ExplainsOkay, minus the legalese…
Every condo board member and officer is a fiduciary of the owners and can be personally liable for breaching that duty, taking an improper benefit, or acting in bad faith.
⚠ Common mistake: Treating a conflict of interest casually because "everyone already knows" a board member has a stake in a vendor contract. In states with a statutory disclosure requirement, informal awareness isn't the same as a documented disclosure — skipping the formal step can make the contract itself challengeable later, regardless of whether the board's decision was actually reasonable.
Additional roles on larger boards
Associations with five or more board members sometimes add a vice president (covers for the president, sometimes chairs a specific committee like ARC) and an at-large member with no fixed portfolio, available to take on whatever the board needs — chairing a violations committee, leading a specific project, or simply providing another vote and perspective.
Can one person hold two roles?
It depends mostly on your bylaws, and in some states on the statute itself. Very small associations sometimes explicitly allow combining roles out of necessity. Others prohibit certain combinations — most commonly, keeping treasurer separate from any role with check-signing authority, as a basic financial control. Check your specific bylaws, and the state reference below, before assuming either way.
The real challenge: surviving turnover
The hardest part of running a self-managed board usually isn't any single role — it's what happens when the person who understood how everything worked rotates off the board and nobody wrote it down. A self-managed HOA has no institutional memory beyond what the current board happens to remember or document. The associations that handle this well share one habit: they write things down as they happen, not from memory afterward — meeting minutes the same day, a violation logged when it's observed, a decision recorded the moment it's made.
State-by-State Quick Reference
Select your state below for its actual board-composition rules. Every field is tagged with where the rule comes from — a statute written for HOAs or condominiums, general nonprofit corporate law that happens to apply, or your own governing documents — because those aren't the same thing, even when the resulting number looks identical.
| Scope / governing statute | Texas's Uniform Condominium Act (Property Code Chapter 82) applies to condominiums whose declaration was recorded on or after January 1, 1994, and to older condominiums whose owners amend the declaration to adopt it; the association must be a for-profit or nonprofit corporation. Its board rules do not reach other older condominiums, which remain under the older Condominium Act (Chapter 81); that chapter leaves the administration of the condominium to its bylaws. If the association is a nonprofit corporation, Business Organizations Code Chapter 22 also applies. |
| Minimum board size HOA/condo statute | For condominiums under Chapter 82: once the developer's control ends, the owners must elect a board of at least 3 members. |
| Owner/member requirement HOA/condo statute | For condominiums under Chapter 82: board members do not have to be unit owners. |
| Other eligibility rules | The bylaws must set board members' and officers' qualifications. For condominiums under Chapter 82, the board may not set its own members' qualifications or terms of office. |
| Officer requirements HOA/condo statute | For condominiums under Chapter 82: the board must elect the officers within 30 days after the developer's control ends, and the bylaws must provide for the board to elect a president, treasurer, secretary, and any other officers the bylaws specify. |
| Max individual term Bylaws/documents | No statutory maximum. The bylaws must set board members' terms. |
| Consecutive-term limit | Chapter 82 does not limit consecutive terms; the bylaws set terms of office. |
| Conflict-of-interest disclosure HOA/condo statute | For condominiums under Chapter 82, each officer and board member is liable as a fiduciary of the unit owners and may be personally liable for damages if they breach a fiduciary duty, receive an improper benefit, or act in bad faith. If the association is a nonprofit corporation, a transaction in which a director has an interest can be approved after disclosure by a majority of the disinterested directors. |
| Citation | Tex. Prop. Code §§ 82.101; 82.103; 82.106; Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code § 22.230; 82.002; 81.202 |
Read the law
What Texas's law actually says about board composition, in its own words, with links to the full text where available:
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Tex. Prop. Code § 82.101
- Governing Statute / Scope: “A unit owners' association must be organized as a profit or nonprofit corporation.”
- Minimum Board Size: “the unit owners shall elect a board of at least three members who need not be unit owners.”
- Owner/Member Eligibility Requirement: “a board of at least three members who need not be unit owners.”
- Additional Eligibility Rules: “the qualifications, powers and duties, terms of office, and the manner of electing and removing a board member or officer”
- Required Officer Positions: “The board shall elect the officers before the 31st day after the date declarant control terminates.”
- Required Officer Positions: “election by the board of a president, treasurer, secretary, and any other officers the bylaws specify”
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Tex. Prop. Code § 82.002(a)
- Governing Statute / Scope: “This chapter applies to all commercial, industrial, residential, and other types of condominiums in this state for which the declaration is recorded on or after January 1, 1994.”
- Governing Statute / Scope: “the owners of units vote to amend the declaration, in accordance with the amendment process authorized by the declaration, to have this chapter apply”
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Tex. Prop. Code § 81.202
- Governing Statute / Scope: “The bylaws of a condominium regime govern the administration of the buildings that comprise the regime.”
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Tex. Prop. Code § 82.103(b)
- Additional Eligibility Rules: “to elect members of the board, or to determine the qualifications, powers and duties, or terms of office of board members”
- Consecutive Term Limit: “the unit owners shall elect a board of at least three members who need not be unit owners”
- Conflict of Interest Rule: “Each officer or member of the board is liable as a fiduciary of the unit owners for the officer's or member's acts or omissions.”
- Conflict of Interest Rule: “the officer or director received an improper benefit”
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Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code § 22.230
- Conflict of Interest Rule: “the board ... authorize the contract or transaction by the affirmative vote of the majority of the disinterested directors”
- Tex. Prop. Code Chapter 82
Making the transition easier
Formtabulous keeps your association's records — elections, violations, ARC requests, homeowner communication — in one place that survives board turnover, instead of scattered across whoever's personal inbox happened to handle it.
See how it works →Texas — Common Questions
This article is general information about how HOA boards typically operate and is not legal advice. The specific roles, terms, and requirements for your association are set by your bylaws and, in some states, statute — consult the governing documents and, where needed, a qualified attorney for your specific situation.